Advanced Circular Manufacturing

CARBOTURA Regulatory Resource

Educational Resource for Environmental Regulators, Government Officials, and Policy Makers Worldwide

Converting manufacturing feedstock into high-value manufactured materials through Advanced Circular Manufacturing and Total Material Conversion

TMC
Total Material Conversion
Near-Zero
Emissions by Design
Near-Zero
Residual
97%
Energy Reduction vs. Virgin

Advanced Circular Manufacturing Platform

Carbotura is an Advanced Circular Manufacturing (ACM) company that operates modular factories achieving Total Material Conversion (TMC). TMC is the collective outcome of the Circular Advantage program and the four Carbotura Protocols working in sequence: Pregenesis, Regenesis, Regenesis MAX, and Exogenesis. Together, they are designed to convert virtually all incoming manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials, recovered energy, and ultrapure water with near-zero residual, near-zero emissions, and near-zero discharge. The system operates without combustion, and every stage is engineered to maximize material recovery and minimize environmental impact.

Regulatory Classification

Carbotura modular factories are classified as Advanced Circular Manufacturing operations under US NAICS codes 325120, 325199, 335991, 325998, 334413, and 331492 (EU NACE equivalents: 20.11, 20.14, 23.99, 20.59, 26.11, 24.44). All incoming materials are purchased as manufacturing feedstock under Circular Offtake Agreements and classified as manufacturing inputs upon facility entry under US 40 CFR §241.3(b)(4) / EU Waste Framework Directive Article 5 & 6. Carbotura never applies for, accepts, or operates under a solid waste permit.

Technology Distinction

The Recyclotron uses Microwave Catalytic Reforming -- a molecular electromagnetic activation process, not gasification or pyrolysis. It is designed to operate without combustion or oxidation in an anoxic environment, producing high-value manufactured materials through the Regenesis Protocol. This is a reactor-based manufacturing system, not a thermal processing facility.

Key Regulatory Highlights

Classified as Advanced Circular Manufacturing, not waste processing
Designed to operate without combustion, with near-zero emissions
Total Material Conversion through four proprietary Carbotura Protocols
Designed to comply with and exceed CAA, RCRA, CWA, TSCA, and PPA
Island Mode: fully self-powered and grid-independent
Carbon-negative manufacturing by design
Produces strategic materials for domestic supply chain security

The Carbotura Protocols

The four proprietary Carbotura Protocols -- Pregenesis, Regenesis, Regenesis MAX, and Exogenesis -- collectively achieve Total Material Conversion. Supported by the RevCon Valorization Ladder, EcoGraph material systems, and the Atmospheric Protection System, they constitute 35 modular technologies in precise orchestration.

Microwave Catalytic Reforming (Recyclotron)

The Recyclotron Multiphase Microwave Reactor uses targeted electromagnetic energy at 650°C+ in an anoxic (no oxygen) environment for molecular-level material activation. The system is designed to operate without combustion or oxidation.

Molecular-Level Disintegration

The Regenesis Protocol breaks manufacturing feedstock to its molecular level through electromagnetic activation and controlled fragmentation, producing molecular outputs that feed forward into Regenesis MAX for materials refining.

Modular Factory Architecture

Constructed in modular 100 TPD increments, scalable from 100 TPD to 6,000+ TPD. Each modular factory operates in Island Mode -- fully self-powered and grid-independent with approximately 5% reserve buffer.

Atmospheric Protection System

Containment architecture designed for near-zero emissions. The system operates without combustion in a closed-loop configuration, engineered to eliminate the need for conventional stacks or scrubbers.

Technical Process Overview

APS Details

Regenesis: Feedstock Disintegration (Recyclotron)

Prepared manufacturing feedstock enters the Recyclotron where Microwave Catalytic Reforming at 650°C+ in an anoxic environment is designed to break material to its molecular level. The system operates without combustion -- using molecular electromagnetic activation and controlled fragmentation.

Regenesis MAX: Materials Refining

Molecular outputs from Regenesis are refined through carbon activation at 1,800°C, graphitization at 3,000°C, hydrocarbon cracking, hydrogen separation, metals purification, rare earth extraction, glass refinement, and water purification. Materials enter the RevCon Valorization Ladder and are progressively refined through higher tiers.

Exogenesis: Urban Mining

Extracts valuable materials from legacy deposits -- coal ash ponds, mining tailings, contaminated soils, legacy landfill material -- and converts historical liabilities into manufacturing feedstock processed through Regenesis and Regenesis MAX.

Regulatory Compliance Framework

Carbotura modular factories are designed to comply with and exceed all applicable environmental standards. The near-zero-emission, near-zero-residual design profile means the regulatory rationale for waste-specific requirements does not apply. Carbotura never applies for, accepts, or operates under a solid waste permit of any kind, in any jurisdiction.

Clean Air Act (CAA)

Designed to operate without combustion, near-zero emissions

Atmospheric Protection System operates in a closed-loop configuration, designed to eliminate the need for conventional stacks or scrubbers. The system operates without combustion in an anoxic environment (40 CFR §63.2).

EU: Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) 2010/75/EU - Exempt due to zero emissions to air

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)

Manufacturing feedstock purchased under Circular Offtake Agreements, not discarded

All incoming manufacturing feedstock is purchased under commercial Circular Offtake Agreements for use as manufacturing inputs under 40 CFR §261.2. Material that has been purchased under a commercial supply agreement has not been discarded. Carbotura never applies for, accepts, or operates under a solid waste permit.

EU: Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC - Materials classified as by-products (Article 5) or end-of-waste (Article 6)

Clean Water Act (CWA)

Near-zero discharge design, closed-loop water system

Designed for near-zero discharge. Ultrapure water is a manufactured product refined through Liquifact extraction and process water recovery, meeting or exceeding ASTM D1193 and EPA industrial reuse standards (40 CFR §122.2).

EU: Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC - Zero discharge system, no permits required

Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)

All outputs are existing TSCA-listed substances

Hydrogen, carbon, and refined metals are existing chemicals. Testing and reporting meet TSCA §8(e) for chemical data maintenance.

EU: REACH Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 - All products are registered substances under REACH

Pollution Prevention Act (PPA)

Total Material Conversion designed for near-zero residual

TMC -- the outcome of the Circular Advantage program and all four Carbotura Protocols -- is designed to convert virtually all incoming manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials, eliminating pollution at the source (42 U.S.C. §13101).

EU: Circular Economy Action Plan - Full alignment with waste hierarchy and circular economy principles

Industry Classification (US NAICS / EU NACE Codes)

Carbotura modular factories operate under chemical and industrial manufacturing codes -- not waste management classifications. ACM is a manufacturing domain. In the United States, NAICS codes apply; in the European Union, equivalent NACE Rev. 2 codes:

US: 325120 / EU: 20.11
Industrial Gas Manufacturing
US: 325199 / EU: 20.14
Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
US: 335991 / EU: 23.99
Carbon and Graphite Product Manufacturing
US: 325998 / EU: 20.59
All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product Manufacturing
US: 334413 / EU: 26.11
Semiconductor Manufacturing
US: 331492 / EU: 24.44
Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal

Manufacturing Facility Classification Defense

Establishing Advanced Circular Manufacturing classification in every jurisdiction

Manufacturing Classification -- Not Waste

Carbotura never applies for, accepts, or operates under a solid waste permit of any kind, in any jurisdiction, under any circumstances. Carbotura modular factories are Advanced Circular Manufacturing facilities. All incoming manufacturing feedstock is purchased under Circular Offtake Agreements -- material that has been purchased under a commercial supply agreement has not been discarded. No material is disposed of. No residual requires further management. Every input becomes a manufactured product.

This classification is established through four defense layers: contractual foundation (Circular Offtake Agreement with title transfer), industrial facility design, output characterization (every output has a product specification and commercial buyer), and federal RCRA exclusions.

Industrial Materials Production

Recognition as an advanced manufacturing facility rather than waste disposal facility, with regulatory criteria for zero residual waste operations.

Circular Offtake Agreement

The 30-year contractual instrument that transfers title of manufacturing feedstock from supplier to Carbotura at the point of collection or delivery, establishing manufacturing classification.

Output Characterization

Every output has a product specification, quality control certificate, and commercial buyer. Nothing leaves the modular factory as residual or material requiring further management.

Full Transparency

Comprehensive lifecycle assessments, material recovery reports, facility demonstrations, and collaboration with agencies to develop modern circular manufacturing classifications.

Why This Matters

International Classification Defense

Carbotura's classification defense framework is designed to establish manufacturing classification in every jurisdiction -- including under EU Waste Framework Directive, UK Environmental Permitting Regulations, Canadian Environmental Protection Act, Australian National Environment Protection Measures, and other international frameworks. Regulatory counsel reviews all filings for classification consistency before submission.

Environmental Benefits

  • • Manufacturing classification removes waste-domain regulatory burden
  • • TMC designed to convert virtually all feedstock into manufactured materials
  • • Near-zero emissions through Atmospheric Protection System
  • • Supports Advanced Circular Manufacturing as new industry category

Economic Benefits

  • • Revenue Stack with up to seven independent streams per modular factory
  • • Domestic production of strategic materials reduces foreign supply chain dependence
  • • Circular Royalty transforms feedstock from cost center to revenue generator
  • • Manufacturing feedstock purchased under Circular Offtake Agreements
  • • BOO model: feedstock supplier assumes zero capital risk

Multi-Agency Applications

Carbotura's Advanced Circular Manufacturing technology addresses material management challenges across multiple government departments and agencies. Our framework-agnostic approach establishes manufacturing classification within existing US federal, EU, and international regulatory structures.

Department of Energy (DOE)

EU Equivalent: Directorate-General for Energy (DG ENER)

Environmental Challenges

  • Nuclear waste management and decommissioning materials
  • Research facility hazardous waste streams
  • Legacy contaminated sites remediation
  • Clean energy transition material sourcing

Carbotura Solutions

  • Convert contaminated materials into strategic materials via Exogenesis Protocol
  • Produce green hydrogen and advanced carbon products for energy storage
  • Near-zero emissions manufacturing eliminates air quality concerns
  • Recover rare earth elements critical for renewable energy systems via Regenesis MAX

Applicable Frameworks: DOE Order 435.1, EU Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EU

Department of Defense (DOD)

EU Equivalent: European Defence Agency (EDA)

Environmental Challenges

  • Military base waste streams and munitions demilitarization
  • Forward operating base waste logistics
  • Contaminated equipment and materials disposal
  • Supply chain vulnerabilities for critical materials

Carbotura Solutions

  • Regional modular factories reduce transportation vulnerabilities
  • Produces strategic materials for defense applications
  • Near-zero emissions and Island Mode support operational security
  • Converts military material streams into valuable manufactured materials

Applicable Frameworks: DOD 4715.1-MM, NATO STANAG 7141, EU Common Security and Defence Policy

Food & Drug Administration (FDA)

EU Equivalent: European Medicines Agency (EMA)

Environmental Challenges

  • Pharmaceutical manufacturing waste
  • Medical device production waste streams
  • Contaminated packaging and expired products
  • Biohazardous material disposal

Carbotura Solutions

  • Molecular-level disintegration through Regenesis ensures no pharmaceutical residues
  • Recovers high-purity materials for medical applications via Regenesis MAX
  • Meets stringent contamination control requirements
  • Near-zero discharge design protects environment from pharmaceutical residues

Applicable Frameworks: 21 CFR Part 211, EU Good Manufacturing Practice Directive 2003/94/EC

Department of Agriculture (USDA)

EU Equivalent: Directorate-General for Agriculture (DG AGRI)

Environmental Challenges

  • Agricultural plastic waste (films, containers, irrigation)
  • Food processing waste and byproducts
  • Contaminated crop materials and pesticide containers
  • Rural community waste management infrastructure

Carbotura Solutions

  • Converts agricultural plastics into manufactured materials
  • Processes food-related feedstock into ultrapure water and materials
  • Modular factory deployment serves rural agricultural communities
  • Circular Royalty transforms agricultural feedstock into revenue source

Applicable Frameworks: USDA NRCS Conservation Practice Standards, EU Common Agricultural Policy

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

EU Equivalent: European Environment Agency (EEA)

Environmental Challenges

  • Superfund site remediation materials
  • Industrial hazardous material management
  • Legacy disposal infrastructure limitations
  • Circular economy transition implementation

Carbotura Solutions

  • Manufacturing classification under 40 CFR §241.3(b)(4) via Circular Offtake Agreements
  • Near-zero emissions by design (no combustion, Atmospheric Protection System)
  • Total Material Conversion through four Carbotura Protocols
  • Strategic materials production supports domestic supply chains

Applicable Frameworks: 40 CFR Parts 241, 260-270, EU Waste Framework Directive 2008/98/EC, IED 2010/75/EU

General Services Administration (GSA)

EU Equivalent: European Commission Services

Environmental Challenges

  • Federal building renovation and demolition waste
  • Government facility operational waste management
  • Procurement sustainability requirements
  • Multi-site waste logistics and coordination

Carbotura Solutions

  • Regional facilities serve multiple government installations
  • Produces materials meeting federal procurement standards
  • Supports Executive Order 14057 sustainability goals
  • Transparent reporting and chain-of-custody documentation

Applicable Frameworks: Executive Order 14057, EU Green Public Procurement Criteria

Cross-Agency Benefits

Regulatory Harmonization

Single technology platform operates under diverse regulatory frameworks (US CFR, EU Directives, international standards)

Strategic Materials Security

Domestic production of critical materials reduces foreign dependencies across defense, energy, and technology sectors

Near-Zero Emissions

All agencies meet environmental justice and climate goals through near-zero-emission Advanced Circular Manufacturing

Economic Value Creation

Circular Advantage program transforms feedstock from cost center to revenue generator through the Revenue Stack

Distributed Infrastructure

Regional facilities serve multiple agencies, reducing transportation costs and environmental impact

Build-Own-Operate & Strategic Stockpiles

Carbotura builds, owns, and operates all modular factories under the BOO model, enabling rapid deployment across government sectors with strategic materials stockpile support

The Vision: Dual-Purpose Strategic Materials Program

Convert manufacturing feedstock -- the most abundant, perpetually renewable feedstock on earth -- into strategic manufactured materials

No Mining

Extract strategic materials from domestic manufacturing feedstock through Regenesis MAX and Exogenesis

No Imports

Achieve supply chain independence by producing critical materials domestically from manufacturing feedstock

Innovation & Jobs

Create high-value employment and economic growth through advanced circular manufacturing technology

Carbotura's Operational Model

Build-Own-Operate (BOO):

Carbotura builds, owns, and operates all modular factories. The feedstock supplier assumes zero capital risk. No hardware sales -- long-term Circular Advantage partnership.

Circular Offtake Agreement:

We purchase manufacturing feedstock under 30-year Circular Offtake Agreements, with TMC Fee and Circular Royalty transforming material streams into revenue sources.

Rapid Deployment:

Modular factories can be deployed across all government sectors, serving defense, energy, healthcare, and municipal needs.

Strategic Stockpile Support:

Government clients can establish strategic materials reserves, ensuring supply security for critical minerals and rare earth elements.

Environmental Performance

Carbotura modular factories are designed for near-zero residual, near-zero emissions, and near-zero discharge. The system operates without combustion, and every stage is engineered to maximize material recovery and minimize environmental impact through the four Carbotura Protocols.

Near-Zero-Emission Manufacturing

Near-Zero

Atmospheric Protection System operating in a closed-loop configuration, designed to eliminate the need for conventional stacks or scrubbers. The system operates without combustion.

  • No combustion by design
  • Closed-loop configuration
  • Anoxic processing environment
  • Atmospheric containment architecture

Carbon-Negative by Design

-1,522

to -1,566 tons CO₂e/day carbon-negative impact. 17 million tons CO₂e reduction over 30 years.

  • Carbon-negative manufacturing
  • Methane avoidance from feedstock diversion
  • Avoided Scope 3 emissions
  • Permanent carbon sequestration in manufactured materials

Ultrapure Water Production

87,000+

Gallons ultrapure water produced daily through Liquifact extraction and process water recovery. A manufactured product, not a discharge.

  • RevCon 3-5 purity levels
  • ASTM D1193 compliant
  • Near-zero discharge design
  • Closed-loop water system

Island Mode Energy

857 MWh

Daily energy generation per 400 TPD factory. Fully self-powered and grid-independent with approximately 5% reserve buffer.

  • 97% energy reduction vs. virgin production
  • Grid-independent operation
  • Proprietary energy recovery
  • Immune to energy price volatility

Annual Environmental Impact (400 TPD / 363 metric tonnes per day Facility)

146,000
Tonnes Manufacturing Feedstock Converted Annually
219,000
tCO₂e Methane Avoidance
37,805
tCO₂e Carbon Removal Credits
127,600
m³ Water Restoration

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

Comprehensive 30-year environmental performance analysis

Operational Life

30 Years

249,660 total operational hours

Annual Processing

146,000

Tons of manufacturing feedstock per year

System Availability

>95%

Across all process zones

Environmental Impact Profile

Near-Zero Emissions by Design

  • No combustion by design (anoxic environment)
  • Atmospheric Protection System (closed-loop)
  • Designed for near-zero atmospheric discharge
  • Carbon-negative by design
  • Noise: <65 dB at boundary

Ultrapure Water Production

  • 87,000+ gal/day manufactured product
  • Near-zero discharge design
  • Closed-loop water system
  • Liquifact extraction + process recovery
  • Self-produced process water (Island Mode)

Island Mode Energy

  • 857 MWh daily (grid-independent)
  • Fuel Cell Efficiency: >60%
  • Combined Efficiency: >85%
  • Heat Recovery: >95%
  • Grid: Emergency Only

Total Material Conversion

  • 42-45% material recovery rate
  • Near-zero residual by design
  • Balance: recovered energy + ultrapure water
  • RevCon Valorization Ladder refinement
  • Four Carbotura Protocols in sequence

Socioeconomic Impact

Economic Benefits

  • • 100 FTE per 400 TPD modular factory
  • • ~300 indirect/induced jobs
  • • $32M+ annual economic impact
  • • Revenue Stack with 7 independent streams

Social Benefits

  • • Near-zero environmental impact
  • • Circular Royalty for communities
  • • TMC: Total Material Conversion
  • • Circular Advantage partnership

Technology Benefits

  • • Advanced innovation level
  • • High replication potential
  • • Significant knowledge creation
  • • Substantial industry advancement

Performance Metrics

Operational

  • Availability: >95%
  • Reliability: >98%
  • Maintainability: >97%
  • Safety: Zero incidents target

Environmental

  • Emissions: Near-zero (no combustion)
  • Residual: Near-zero by design
  • Water: Closed-loop, near-zero discharge
  • Energy: Island Mode (grid-independent)

Economic

  • Material Recovery: 42-45%
  • RevCon 3 baseline quality
  • Revenue Stack: 7 streams
  • BOO model: zero client capex

Life Cycle Inventory (LCI)

Detailed material, energy, and resource flow analysis for 400 TPD (363 metric tonnes/day) facility

Material Flows

Annual Manufacturing Feedstock (146,000 tons)

Paper/Cardboard41,000 tons (28%)
Food Materials32,000 tons (22%)
Plastics26,300 tons (18%)
Yard Materials14,600 tons (10%)
Metals13,100 tons (9%)
Glass8,800 tons (6%)
Wood5,800 tons (4%)
Other4,400 tons (3%)

Annual Output

  • • Water: 26.7M gallons (101M liters)
  • • Gas: 45.4M Nm³
  • • Aromatics: 18,615 tons
  • • Carbon: 22,721 tons
  • • Glass: 14,965 tons
  • • Metals: 21,900 tons

Energy Flows

Power Generation

Fuel Cell System30 MW
Efficiency: >60%
Availability: >95%
Heat Recovery: >90%
Near-Zero Emissions

Energy Storage

Electrical
20 MWh
> 90% efficiency
Thermal
100 MWh
> 95% efficiency
Combined Efficiency
>85%
Overall system efficiency

Water Production & Management

Island Mode Water Self-Sufficiency

Carbotura modular factories operate in Island Mode -- fully self-powered and grid-independent. Ultrapure water is a manufactured product produced through Liquifact extraction and process water recovery in a closed-loop system.

Fuel Cell Water Production

Daily Production:20.75 TPD
Annual Production:7,574 tons
Quality:Ultra-pure
Source:H₂ combustion

Process Water Recovery

Daily Recovery:15 TPD
Annual Recovery:5,475 tons
Recovery Rate:100%
Source:Feedstock moisture

Closed-Loop System

External Input:Zero
Discharge:Near-Zero
Recycling:Continuous
Product Output:115 TPD

Total Annual Water Production

26.7M gallons (101M liters)

Clean water produced as a valuable product for industrial reuse, meeting RevCon 3-5 purity standards

Process Efficiency Metrics

Conversion

  • QUAD System: >98%
  • Separation: >99%
  • Purification: >99%
  • Refinement: >98%

Energy

  • Fuel Cells: >60%
  • Combined: >85%
  • Overall: >90%
  • Heat Recovery: >95%

Resource

  • Feed: 100%
  • Water: 100%
  • Energy: >90%
  • Self-Sufficient: 100%

Quality

  • Gases: >99.9%
  • Liquids: >99.9%
  • Solids: >99%
  • Metals: >99.9%

The Four Carbotura Protocols

The Carbotura Protocols are the proprietary integrated system that, together with the Circular Advantage program, achieves Total Material Conversion. Four distinct Protocols operate in sequence, supported by the RevCon Valorization Ladder, EcoGraph material systems, and the Atmospheric Protection System.

01

Pregenesis

Feedstock Preparation

The first Carbotura Protocol. Incoming manufacturing feedstock delivered by Feedstock Haulers is shredded, metals separated magnetically, and liquids extracted (Liquifact). Prepared feedstock flows directly into the Regenesis system as the standard operating mode. Standardized Manufacturing Units (SMUs) -- densified, wrapped, and palletized blocks -- are produced only as a buffer storage option when operational conditions require it. Direct feed is always the primary pathway. Pregenesis eliminates the need for community-side sorting.

02

Regenesis

Feedstock Disintegration

The second Carbotura Protocol. Prepared feedstock enters the Recyclotron Multiphase Microwave Reactor, where Microwave Catalytic Reforming at 650°C+ in an anoxic (no oxygen) environment is designed to break material to its molecular level. The system operates without combustion -- using molecular electromagnetic activation. Regenesis is designed to eliminate PFAS/PFOS and persistent organic pollutants at 1,200°C+ processing temperatures.

03

Regenesis MAX

Materials Refining

The third Carbotura Protocol. Molecular outputs from Regenesis are refined through carbon activation at 1,800°C, graphitization at 3,000°C, hydrocarbon cracking, hydrogen separation, metals purification, rare earth extraction, glass refinement, and water purification. Materials enter the RevCon Valorization Ladder and are progressively refined to higher tiers. Energy is generated internally through proprietary systems producing 857 MWh daily per 400 TPD factory (Island Mode).

04

Exogenesis

Urban Mining

The fourth Carbotura Protocol. Extracts valuable materials from legacy deposits -- coal ash ponds, mining tailings, contaminated soils, legacy landfill material -- and converts historical liabilities into manufacturing feedstock processed through Regenesis and Regenesis MAX. These deposits often contain higher concentrations of valuable materials than daily flows.

Process Specifications

Capacity
400 TPD / 363 metric tonnes per day (4 × 100 TPD QUAD modules)
Operating Temperature
550-650°C (oxygen-free)
Microwave Frequency
915 MHz (32 × 100 kW per QUAD)
Material Recovery Rate
42-45% (balance: energy + water)
Daily Energy Generation
857 MWh (Island Mode, grid-independent)
Atmospheric Protection
Designed for near-zero emissions (no combustion)

Manufactured Materials Portfolio

Every output from a Carbotura modular factory is a manufactured product with a product specification, a quality control certificate, and a commercial buyer. The portfolio includes strategic materials currently dominated by foreign supply chains -- synthetic graphite, rare earth elements, green hydrogen -- positioning ACM as a domestic manufacturing and national security solution. The RevCon (Revenue Readiness Condition) Valorization Ladder classifies outputs across five progressive tiers, each representing increasing purity, performance, and market value. RevCon 3 is the conservative baseline for all financial projections.

Carbon Materials

62.25 TPD

Industrial carbon black, activated carbon, and synthetic graphite for manufacturing applications. Critical materials for battery production, electronics, and advanced manufacturing.

ASTM D6556, D1765 compliant
Surface area >1000 m²/g
>99.5% carbon purity

Industrial Hydrogen

30,800 tonnes/year

High-purity hydrogen for fuel cells and industrial applications. Strategic energy carrier for clean energy transition.

>99.999% purity
Used for internal power generation
Zero-emission fuel source

Aromatics (BTX)

51 TPD

Benzene, toluene, and xylene chemical feedstocks for plastics and chemical manufacturing.

ASTM D841, D1078 compliant
>99.5% purity
Industrial grade

Ultrapure Water

87,000+ gal/day

Ultrapure water produced through Liquifact extraction and process water recovery, refined to multiple RevCon quality grades.

ASTM D1193 Type II-V
<10 μS/cm conductivity
Manufactured product, not a discharge

Metals

40 TPD

Sorted ferrous and non-ferrous metals including rare earth elements and critical minerals for recycling and manufacturing. Strategic materials for national security and supply chain resilience.

ISRI specifications
XRF verified composition
>99.9% purity (electrowinning)

Glass Cullet

41 TPD

Cleaned glass for manufacturing applications.

GPI furnace-ready
ASTM C1738 compliant
<50 ppm contamination

RevCon Strategy: Proprietary Protocol for Valorization

RevCon Details

Carbotura's RevCon progression strategy is a systematic approach to value elevation that transforms feedstock materials into premium products through controlled refinement pathways.

Value Elevation Path

Each material follows a defined RevCon progression path, systematically increasing purity, specificity, and value. Materials advance through up to six quality levels, with each step adding significant market value.

Near-Zero Residual Design

Designed to convert virtually all incoming manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials. Materials not meeting target specifications are automatically reflowed for additional processing through the Protocols.

Market-Responsive Extraction

Product extraction decisions balance maximum value creation against current market demand and revenue requirements. Strategic flexibility allows optimization between immediate revenue and long-term value maximization.

Strategic Reserves

Maintain capacity to shift between RevCon levels as market conditions fluctuate. Higher RevCon materials justify longer storage periods and command premium pricing with more stable long-term contracts.

Target Yield Distribution Strategy

Optimal mass balance across RevCon levels maximizes facility revenue while maintaining operational efficiency:

20-30%
RevCon 1
Base Materials
20-25%
RevCon 2
Industrial Grade
30-40%
RevCon 3
Primary Revenue
15-20%
RevCon 4
High-Value
5-10%
RevCon 5
Ultra-Premium

Material Progression Pathways

Water:RAW → WTR-001/002 → WTR-003 → WTR-004/005/006 → WTR-007/008 → WTR-009/010
Carbon:CRB-001 → CRB-002/003/004/005 → CRB-006/007/008 → CRB-009/010/011/012 → CRB-013/014/015/016/017
Gas:GAS-001 → GAS-002/003/004/005 → GAS-006/007/008/009 → GAS-010/011 → GAS-012/013/014/015
Aromatics:ARM-001/002 → ARM-003/004/005 → ARM-006/007/008/009 → ARM-010/011/012
Metals:Multiple branching paths for ferrous, non-ferrous, precious, rare earth, and electronic metals
Glass:GLS-001/002 → GLS-003/004 → GLS-005/006/007 → GLS-008/009 → GLS-010

Complete Product Catalog by RevCon Level

Explore the full range of products available at each quality level. Based on a 400 TPD facility operating 350 days per year.

RevCon Quality Classification System

All products undergo progressive purification through six quality levels, with RevCon 3 established as the baseline production standard for consistent high-quality outputs.

RevCon 0
Raw process streams
RevCon 1
Basic treated materials
RevCon 2
Industrial grade
RevCon 3
High-purity baseline
RevCon 4
Ultra-pure materials
RevCon 5
Analytical grade

Social and Public Good

Transforming communities through near-zero-emission Advanced Circular Manufacturing that creates prosperity through the Circular Advantage program

Environmental Justice & Community Health

Carbotura Approach

  • • Designed for near-zero environmental impact regardless of community demographics
  • • Near-zero emissions -- no combustion, Atmospheric Protection System
  • • Near-zero discharge from enclosed, closed-loop processing
  • • Health equity advancement through manufacturing classification
  • • Community empowerment through Circular Advantage partnership

Traditional Waste Facilities

  • • Disproportionate siting in low-income and minority communities
  • • Air quality impacts from dust, emissions, and bioaerosols
  • • Groundwater contamination risk from leachate
  • • Cumulative health impacts from multiple pollution sources
  • • Perpetual environmental burden for affected communities

Property Values & Community Character

Carbotura Approach

  • • Property value enhancement through clean manufacturing presence
  • • Modern industrial architecture with enclosed processing
  • • Zero odor emissions from contained operations
  • • Minimal truck traffic due to efficient processing
  • • Community pride in environmental leadership

Traditional Waste Facilities

  • • 10-15% property value decrease in surrounding areas
  • • Visual blight from waste accumulation and processing
  • • Persistent odor issues from waste decomposition
  • • Heavy truck traffic creating noise and congestion
  • • Permanent stigma associated with facility proximity

Employment & Workforce Development

Carbotura Approach

  • • 100 FTE direct manufacturing positions per 400 TPD modular factory
  • • Approximately 300 indirect/induced jobs per facility
  • • Advanced technical skills in ACM and materials processing
  • • Permanent, year-round employment in Advanced Circular Manufacturing
  • • Educational partnerships and apprenticeship programs
  • • $32M+ annual economic impact per modular factory

Traditional Waste Facilities

  • • 15-30 direct jobs in operations and maintenance
  • • Limited skill development opportunities
  • • Seasonal workforce fluctuations
  • • Lower wage scales for manual labor roles
  • • Minimal educational or career advancement pathways

Quality of Life & Long-Term Impact

Carbotura Approach

  • • No environmental legacy - manufacturing without waste
  • • Zero long-term liability for government monitoring
  • • Community showcase for environmental innovation
  • • Educational opportunities for students and residents
  • • Global recognition as sustainability leader
  • • Positive economic development without environmental cost

Traditional Waste Facilities

  • • Long-term environmental legacy requiring perpetual monitoring
  • • Ongoing government liability for closed facilities
  • • Stress and anxiety from environmental concerns
  • • Limited educational or tourism value
  • • Negative perception affecting business climate
  • • Infrastructure strain and emergency response costs

The fundamental difference: Legacy facilities manage material for disposal, creating ongoing environmental burdens. Carbotura replaces these systems entirely through Advanced Circular Manufacturing -- the four Carbotura Protocols are designed to convert virtually all manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials, representing a paradigm shift to Total Material Conversion.

Economic Impact

Transformative economic benefits through Advanced Circular Manufacturing and the Circular Advantage program

Capital Investment

$200+ Million USD

Direct capital investment per 400 TPD modular factory under the Build, Own, Operate (BOO) model. Feedstock supplier assumes zero capital risk.

(Values adaptable to local currency)

Substantial boost to local economy with multiplier effects across industries, creating ripple benefits throughout the community

Job Creation & Employment

100-200

Construction Jobs

Prevailing wage jobs during 14-18 month buildout period

85-120

Direct Manufacturing Jobs

Permanent positions averaging $100,000/year

200+

Indirect Jobs

Per direct job through 5x multiplier effect (based on international economic impact studies)

Total Economic Impact from Employment

Manufacturing jobs create one of the highest multiplier effects globally, generating extensive indirect employment across suppliers, services, logistics, and supporting industries

Revenue & Value Generation

$450-625/ton

Product Value

Manufactured material value per ton from Regenesis MAX outputs

$87-349M

Annual Energy Savings

97% energy reduction vs. virgin material production

25-35% EBITDA

Strong margins creating substantial economic activity and tax revenue

$2-12M Annual

Tax revenue with zero environmental liability

Community Financial Benefits

The Economic Inversion: TMC Fee + Circular Royalty

Feedstock suppliers pay a competitive TMC Fee for conversion services -- then receive a recurring Circular Royalty beginning 13 months later, derived from the value of manufactured materials produced from their feedstock.

TMC Fee

Competitive with or below current disposal costs

Circular Royalty

Recurring royalty from manufactured material value

30-Year

Circular Offtake Agreement term

Workforce Development & Education

Educational Partnerships

  • • Collaboration with local universities and community colleges
  • • Apprenticeships and internship programs
  • • Specialized curricula in advanced manufacturing
  • • On-the-job training opportunities

Career Pathways

  • • Materials science and chemical processing
  • • Industrial automation and controls
  • • Environmental technology and sustainability
  • • Sustainable talent pipeline development

Strategic Materials & National Security

Critical Materials Production

  • • Anode-grade graphite for EV batteries
  • • High-purity aluminum and copper
  • • Rare earth elements and critical minerals
  • • Clean hydrogen and industrial gases

Economic Security Benefits

  • • Reduces dependence on foreign supply chains
  • • Supports domestic manufacturing competitiveness
  • • Enhances regional supply chain resilience
  • • Creates strategic material reserves

Carbotura modular factories generate transformative economic impact: $200M+ capital investment under the BOO model, 100+ direct manufacturing jobs, the Revenue Stack with up to seven independent revenue streams, and production of strategic materials -- all designed for near-zero environmental impact through the four Carbotura Protocols.

The Paradigm Shift: From Legacy Disposal to Advanced Circular Manufacturing

Carbotura replaces legacy systems entirely. It operates in a different industry: Advanced Circular Manufacturing. The transition transforms every aspect of how communities, governments, and citizens interact with materials.

Legacy Disposal Systems

  • Public sorting burden
  • Landfill methane emissions
  • Incineration toxics
  • Groundwater contamination
  • Property value depression
  • Environmental injustice
  • Foreign resource dependence
  • Waste disposal costs
  • NIMBY conflicts
  • Low-wage employment
  • Land degradation
  • Complex waste regulations

Advanced Circular Manufacturing

  • No sorting required (Pregenesis handles all preparation)
  • Near-zero emissions by design (no combustion)
  • Near-zero discharge (Atmospheric Protection System)
  • Closed-loop containment architecture
  • Enhanced property values (manufacturing facility)
  • Circular Royalty revenue for feedstock suppliers
  • Domestic strategic materials production
  • Revenue Stack with up to 7 independent streams
  • Welcomed manufacturing infrastructure
  • 100+ high-skill manufacturing jobs per modular factory
  • RevCon Valorization Ladder material refinement
  • Manufacturing classification (not waste permitting)

Comprehensive Benefits

🚮

End Public Waste Sorting

Citizens freed from the burden of sorting, cleaning, and managing household waste and recycling streams. No more confusion about what goes where.

🏞️

Eliminate Landfills

No more land degradation, groundwater contamination, methane emissions, or perpetual monitoring requirements. Existing landfill space can be reclaimed.

💨

Stop Incineration

End toxic air emissions, ash disposal problems, and public health concerns from burning waste. Zero combustion means zero harmful byproducts.

👷

Transform Employment

Replace low-wage waste collection and sorting jobs with high-skill, high-wage manufacturing positions. 5x job multiplier creates career pathways.

🏘️

Restore Property Values

Eliminate property value depression caused by landfills and incinerators. Manufacturing facilities enhance community economic vitality.

⚖️

Achieve Environmental Justice

End disproportionate impact on low-income and minority communities. Circular manufacturing facilities are welcomed infrastructure, not burdens.

🛡️

Secure Strategic Resources

Domestic production of critical materials eliminates foreign dependence. No mining, no imports—just innovation transforming local feedstock.

💰

Create Economic Value

Materials gain value instead of costing communities disposal fees. Revenue generation replaces waste management expenses.

❤️

Improve Public Health

Eliminate toxic emissions, groundwater contamination, and air quality degradation associated with traditional waste infrastructure.

🌍

Reduce Climate Impact

Zero greenhouse gas emissions from disposal. 95% reduction in facility-related GHG compared to landfills and incinerators.

🏭

Enable Distributed Manufacturing

Replace centralized disposal sites with distributed production. 50-150 mile supply chains reduce transportation and support local economies.

📋

Simplify Regulation

Manufacturing regulations replace complex waste disposal hierarchies. Established industrial frameworks govern operations.

Advanced Circular Manufacturing

Carbotura replaces legacy disposal systems entirely with Advanced Circular Manufacturing -- a new industry category where manufacturing feedstock becomes the most abundant, perpetually renewable feedstock on earth. The Circular Advantage program transforms communities from cost centers into revenue generators through the four Carbotura Protocols achieving Total Material Conversion.

Working with Carbotura

For Government Officials and Regulatory Agencies

We believe in early engagement with regulatory officials and government agencies worldwide. Our approach is built on transparency, education, and collaboration to establish the manufacturing classification of our Advanced Circular Manufacturing modular factories and ensure smooth deployment of facilities producing strategic materials.

Carbotura never applies for, accepts, or operates under a solid waste permit. By working together from the beginning -- in any jurisdiction worldwide -- we establish the manufacturing classification and complete all preliminary assessments aligned with our rapid deployment schedules.

Early Engagement

We initiate contact early in the planning process to establish relationships, understand local requirements, and begin the detailed education process about our technology and regulatory framework.

Comprehensive Assessment

We work with officials to conduct initial high-level assessments and determinations for your country, state, region, or community anywhere in the world, identifying specific permitting requirements and regulatory pathways that align with local frameworks.

Preliminary Work Complete

By the time we're ready to deploy in your jurisdiction, all preliminary work is complete—including environmental assessments, technical documentation, and regulatory compliance frameworks.

Fast-Track Permitting

Our thorough preparation enables fast-track permitting processes that match our rapid deployment schedules, minimizing delays while maintaining full regulatory compliance.

Our Collaborative Process

1

Initial Contact

Early engagement with officials

2

Education

Detailed technology briefings

3

Assessment

Jurisdiction-specific analysis

4

Classification

Manufacturing classification defense

5

Deployment

Modular factory construction

Ready to explore how Carbotura can serve your jurisdiction?

Contact Our Regulatory Team

Start the conversation about establishing Advanced Circular Manufacturing in your jurisdiction

This form will open your default email client with a pre-filled message to regulatory@carbotura.com

Welcome to Advanced Circular Manufacturing

Thank you for taking the time to explore Carbotura's Advanced Circular Manufacturing technology. As regulators and policy makers, you play a crucial role in shaping the regulatory frameworks that enable a new industry category.

Carbotura operates in a different industry than legacy disposal systems. Manufacturing feedstock is the most abundant, perpetually renewable feedstock on earth. Through the four Carbotura Protocols and the Circular Advantage program, we achieve Total Material Conversion -- converting virtually all incoming manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials, recovered energy, and ultrapure water.

This site provides comprehensive technical, regulatory, and environmental documentation to support your evaluation of Carbotura's technology and its classification as Advanced Circular Manufacturing. We welcome your questions and look forward to establishing the regulatory frameworks that enable near-zero-emission manufacturing at scale.

Glossary of Terms

Key terminology and abbreviations used throughout this educational resource

ACM

(Advanced Circular Manufacturing)

The industry category in which Carbotura operates. ACM is a manufacturing domain -- not waste management, not recycling, not energy-from-waste. It describes modular factories that convert manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials.

APS

(Atmospheric Protection System)

Containment architecture designed for near-zero emissions. Operates in a closed-loop configuration, engineered to eliminate the need for conventional stacks or scrubbers.

Carbotura Protocols

The four proprietary integrated systems: Pregenesis (feedstock preparation), Regenesis (feedstock disintegration via the Recyclotron), Regenesis MAX (materials refining), and Exogenesis (urban mining). Together they achieve Total Material Conversion.

Circular Advantage

Carbotura's partnership program for feedstock suppliers. Includes the Circular Offtake Agreement, TMC Fee, Circular Royalty, and the Build-Own-Operate model where the feedstock supplier assumes zero capital risk.

Circular Offtake Agreement

The 30-year contractual instrument that transfers title of manufacturing feedstock from supplier to Carbotura at the point of collection or delivery. Replaces the former term 'Feedstock Supply Agreement (FSA)'. Material purchased under this agreement has not been discarded.

Circular Royalty

A recurring royalty paid to feedstock suppliers beginning 13 months after operations commence, derived from the value of manufactured materials produced from their feedstock. Replaces legacy 'tipping fee rebate' language.

EcoGraph

The proprietary material tracking and classification system that maps every input to every output across all four Protocols, providing full chain-of-custody documentation.

Exogenesis

The fourth Carbotura Protocol. Extracts valuable materials from legacy deposits -- coal ash ponds, mining tailings, contaminated soils, legacy landfill material -- and converts historical liabilities into manufacturing feedstock.

Island Mode

Carbotura's self-powering capability. Every modular factory generates 857 MWh daily (per 400 TPD factory) through proprietary energy recovery systems. Fully grid-independent with approximately 5% reserve buffer.

LCA

(Life Cycle Assessment)

Comprehensive analysis of environmental impacts across the entire facility lifecycle.

LCI

(Life Cycle Inventory)

Detailed quantification of material, energy, and resource flows throughout the process.

Liquifact

The liquid extraction process within Pregenesis that removes moisture and liquid content from manufacturing feedstock prior to Regenesis processing.

Manufacturing Feedstock

The correct term for all incoming material. Includes diverse material streams such as post-consumer material, sludge, tires, WTE ash, contaminated recycling, biowaste, C&D fluff, industrial and commercial material. Replaces 'MSF' (Municipal Solid Feedstock) and 'MSW'. All material is purchased under Circular Offtake Agreements.

MCR

(Microwave Catalytic Reforming)

The molecular electromagnetic activation process used in the Recyclotron. Operates at 650°C+ in an anoxic environment without combustion or oxidation.

Modular Factory

The correct term for a Carbotura production facility. Built in modular 100 TPD increments, scalable from 100 TPD to 6,000+ TPD. Never referred to as a 'plant', 'facility', or 'site' in isolation.

Pregenesis

The first Carbotura Protocol. Shreds incoming manufacturing feedstock, separates metals magnetically, and extracts liquids (Liquifact). Produces prepared feedstock for direct feed into Regenesis. No sorting required.

Recyclotron

The Recyclotron Multiphase Microwave Reactor. The core reactor used in the Regenesis Protocol for molecular-level disintegration of manufacturing feedstock.

Regenesis

The second Carbotura Protocol. Feedstock disintegration via the Recyclotron using Microwave Catalytic Reforming at 650°C+ in an anoxic environment.

Regenesis MAX

The third Carbotura Protocol. Materials refining -- includes carbon activation at 1,800°C, graphitization at 3,000°C, hydrocarbon cracking, hydrogen separation, metals purification, rare earth extraction, glass refinement, and water purification.

RevCon

(Revenue Readiness Condition)

The RevCon Valorization Ladder classifies outputs across five progressive tiers (RevCon 1-5), each representing increasing purity, performance, and market value. RevCon 3 is the conservative baseline for all financial projections.

Revenue Stack

The combined revenue model with up to seven independent streams per modular factory: TMC Fee, manufactured materials sales, energy credits, carbon credits, water sales, Circular Royalty offset, and strategic materials premium.

SMU

(Standardized Manufacturing Unit)

Densified, wrapped, and palletized blocks of prepared manufacturing feedstock produced during Pregenesis -- used only as a buffer storage option when operational conditions require it. Direct feed is always the primary pathway.

Strategic Materials

Materials designated by governments worldwide as critical to national security, economic prosperity, and supply chain resilience. Carbotura produces synthetic graphite, rare earth elements, green hydrogen, and other strategic materials currently dominated by foreign supply chains.

TMC

(Total Material Conversion)

The collective outcome of the Circular Advantage program and the four Carbotura Protocols working in sequence. Designed to convert virtually all incoming manufacturing feedstock into saleable manufactured materials, recovered energy, and ultrapure water with near-zero residual.

TMC Fee

The fee paid by feedstock suppliers for Total Material Conversion services. Competitive with or below current disposal costs. Replaces 'tipping fee' language.

TPD

(Tons Per Day)

Standard measurement of modular factory processing capacity. Base unit is 100 TPD.